DieHard Wolfers

[BrotherTank]

Star/Sky (Outside Atmosphere)

Posted with Permission and edited for formatting...

These features make it possible to create cool snow maps or many other exciting possiblities, if you have the right texture sets

Let's get to work:

As always you should make sure first, that your current Wolfenstein 3D source, you're going to enhance, is working without major problems and create a backup of your source!

Open WL_DEF.H and append (add) the following lines to the end of the file:

::: CODE :::

 #define MAXSTARS 400
extern short far starsx[MAXSTARS];
extern short far starsy[MAXSTARS];
extern short far starsz[MAXSTARS];

Save and Close that file....

These arrays need to be initialised so add these lines to the end of the InitGame function in WL_MAIN.C, so the end of the rotuine looks like this (New lines in Blue):

::: CODE :::

    if (virtualreality)
   {
      NoWait = true;
      geninterrupt(0x60);
   }

   for(i=0;i<MAXSTARS;i++)
   {
      float len;
      int j;
      starsz[i]=16384-random(32677);
      starsx[i]=16384-random(32677);
      len=sqrt( (float)starsx[i]*(float)starsx[i]
               +(float)starsz[i]*(float)starsz[i]);
      j=50;
      do
      {
      starsy[i]=1024+random(8190);
         j--;
      }
      while(j>0 && (float)starsy[i]*256.F/len>=100.F);
   }
}

Save and Close that File...

Now we need to add the main drawing routines into the WL_DRAW.C file, so we open it and add the following code above the vgaCeiling array:

::: CODE :::

void SetPixel(int x,int y,byte col)
{
   asm{
      cli
      mov al,2
      mov cl,byte ptr x
      and cl,3
      mov ah,1
      shl ah,cl
      mov dx,0x3c4
      out dx,ax
      sti
      push es
      push di
      mov ax,0xa000
      mov es,ax
      mov di,word ptr bufferofs
      mov bx,word ptr y
      mov ax,word ptr x
      shr ax,2
      add di,ax
      shl bx,4
      add di,bx
      shl bx,2
      add di,bx
      mov al,byte ptr col
      mov es:[di],al
      pop di
      pop es
   }
}

void ClearScreenH()
{
   asm{
      cli
      mov al,2
      mov ah,15
      shl ah,cl
      mov dx,0x3c4
      out dx,ax
      sti
      push es
      push di
      mov ax,0xa000
      mov es,ax
      mov di,word ptr bufferofs
      mov bx,320
      mov dx,word ptr viewwidth
      sub bx,dx
      shr dx,3
      shr bx,2
      mov dh,byte ptr viewheight
      shr dh,1
      xor ax,ax
   }
nextrow:
   asm{
      mov cl,dl
      rep stosw
      add di,bx
      dec dh
      jne nextrow
      pop di
      pop es
   }
}

short far starsx[MAXSTARS];
short far starsy[MAXSTARS];
short far starsz[MAXSTARS];

byte moon[100]={
     0,  0, 27, 18, 15, 16, 19, 29,  0,  0,
     0, 22, 16, 15, 15, 16, 16, 18, 24,  0,
    27, 17, 15, 17, 16, 16, 17, 17, 18, 29,
    18, 15, 15, 15, 16, 16, 17, 17, 18, 20,
    16, 15, 15, 16, 16, 17, 17, 18, 19, 21,
    16, 15, 17, 20, 18, 17, 18, 18, 20, 22,
    19, 16, 18, 19, 17, 17, 18, 19, 22, 24,
    28, 19, 17, 17, 17, 18, 19, 21, 25, 31,
     0, 23, 18, 19, 18, 20, 22, 24, 28,  0,
     0,  0, 28, 21, 20, 22, 28, 30,  0,  0 };

#define LEVELSTATES 10

int levelSkyState[LEVELSTATES]={3,2,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0};

void PaintStars(long siny,long cosy)
{
   long x,y,z;
   int xx,yy;
   int i;
   int shade;
   int hvheight=viewheight>>1;
   int hvwidth=viewwidth>>1;
   ClearScreenH();
   for(i=0;i<MAXSTARS;i++)
   {
      x=(long)starsx[i]*cosy+(long)starsz[i]*siny;
      y=(long)starsy[i]<<16;
      z=((long)starsz[i]*cosy-(long)starsx[i]*siny)>>8;
      if(z<=0) continue;
      shade=(z>>18);
      if(shade>15) continue;
      xx=(int)(x/z+hvwidth);
      yy=(int)(hvheight-y/z);
      if(xx>=0 && xx<viewwidth && yy>=0 && yy<hvheight)
         SetPixel(xx,yy,shade+15);
   }

   x=16384L*cosy+16384L*siny;
   z=(16384L*cosy-16384L*siny)>>8;
   if(z<=0) return;
   xx=(int)(x/z+hvwidth);
   yy=(int)(hvheight-(((long)hvheight-((long)hvheight>>3))<<22)/z);
   if(xx>-10 && xx<viewwidth)
   {
      int stop=10,j;
      i=0;
      if(xx<0) i=-xx;
      if(xx>viewwidth-11) stop=viewwidth-xx;
      for(;i<stop;i++)
         for(j=0;j<10;j++)
            SetPixel(xx+i,yy+j,moon[j*10+i]);
   }
}

word rainpos=0;

void PaintRain(long siny,long cosy)
{
   long px=(player->y+FixedByFrac(0x7900,siny))>>6;
   long pz=(player->x-FixedByFrac(0x7900,cosy))>>6;
   long ax,az;
   long x,y,z;
   int xx,yy,height,actheight;
   int i;
   int shade;
   int hvheight=viewheight>>1;
   int hvwidth=viewwidth>>1;

   if(siny<0) siny=-(siny&0x7fffffff);
   if(cosy<0) cosy=-(cosy&0x7fffffff);

   rainpos-=1800;
   for(i=0;i<MAXSTARS;i++)
   {
      ax=(long)starsx[i]+px;
      ax=0x1fff-(ax&0x3fff);
      az=(long)starsz[i]+pz;
      az=0x1fff-(az&0x3fff);
      x=ax*cosy+az*siny;
      y=-(heightnumerator<<7)
        +((((long)(starsy[i]<<6)+(long)rainpos)&0x0ffff)<<11);
      z=(az*cosy-ax*siny)>>8;
      if(z<=0) continue;
      shade=(z>>17);
      if(shade>13) continue;
      xx=(int)(x/z+hvwidth);
      if(xx<0 || xx>viewwidth) continue;
      actheight=(int)(y/z);
      yy=hvheight-actheight;
      height=(int)((heightnumerator<<10)/z);
      if(actheight<0) actheight=-actheight;
      if(actheight<(wallheight[xx]>>3) && height<wallheight[xx]) continue;
      if(xx>=0 && xx<viewwidth && yy>0 && yy<viewheight)
      {
         // the following lines can be optimized

         SetPixel(xx,yy,shade+15);
         SetPixel(xx,yy-1,shade+16);
         if(yy>2)
         {
            SetPixel(xx,yy-2,shade+17);
         }
      }
   }
}

void PaintSnow(long siny,long cosy)
{
   long px=(player->y+FixedByFrac(0x7900,siny))>>6;
   long pz=(player->x-FixedByFrac(0x7900,cosy))>>6;
   long ax,az;
   long x,y,z;
   int xx,yy,height,actheight;
   int i;
   int shade;
   int hvheight=viewheight>>1;
   int hvwidth=viewwidth>>1;

   if(siny<0) siny=-(siny&0x7fffffff);
   if(cosy<0) cosy=-(cosy&0x7fffffff);

   rainpos-=512;
   for(i=0;i<MAXSTARS;i++)
   {
      ax=(long)starsx[i]+px;
      ax=0x1fff-(ax&0x3fff);
      az=(long)starsz[i]+pz;
      az=0x1fff-(az&0x3fff);
      x=ax*cosy+az*siny;
      y=-(heightnumerator<<7)
        +((((long)(starsy[i]<<6)+(long)rainpos)&0x0ffff)<<11);
      z=(az*cosy-ax*siny)>>8;
      if(z<=0) continue;
      shade=(z>>17);
      if(shade>13) continue;
      xx=(int)(x/z+hvwidth);
      if(xx<0 || xx>viewwidth) continue;
      actheight=(int)(y/z);
      yy=hvheight-actheight;
      height=(int)((heightnumerator<<10)/z);
      if(actheight<0) actheight=-actheight;
      if(actheight<(wallheight[xx]>>3) && height<wallheight[xx]) continue;
      if(xx>0 && xx<viewwidth && yy>0 && yy<viewheight)
      {
         if(shade<10)
         {
            // the following lines can be optimized

            SetPixel(xx,yy,shade+17);
            SetPixel(xx-1,yy,shade+16);
            SetPixel(xx,yy-1,shade+16);
            SetPixel(xx-1,yy-1,shade+15);
         }
         else SetPixel(xx,yy,shade+15);
      }
   }
}

Now replace the VGAClearScreen function with this VGAClearScreen function replacement:

::: CODE :::

void VGAClearScreen (void)
{
   int lmapon=gamestate.mapon;
   if(lmapon>=LEVELSTATES) lmapon=LEVELSTATES-1;
   if(!levelSkyState[lmapon])
   {
      unsigned ceiling=vgaCeiling[gamestate.episode*10 + gamestate.mapon];

      //
      // clear the screen
      //
      asm{
         mov dx,SC_INDEX
         mov ax,SC_MAPMASK+15*256         // write through all planes
         out dx,ax

         mov dx,80
         mov ax,[viewwidth]
         shr ax,2
         sub dx,ax

         mov bx,[viewwidth]
         shr bx,3
         mov bh,BYTE PTR [viewheight]
         shr bh,1

         mov es,[screenseg]
         mov di,[bufferofs]
         mov ax,[ceiling]
      }

toploop:
      asm{
         mov cl,bl
         rep stosw
         add di,dx
         dec bh
         jnz toploop

         mov bh,BYTE PTR [viewheight]
         shr bh,1
         mov ax,0x1919
      }

bottomloop:
      asm{
         mov cl,bl
         rep stosw
         add di,dx
         dec bh
         jnz bottomloop
      }
   }
   else
   {
      long siny,cosy;

      siny=(long)sintable[player->angle];
      cosy=(long)costable[player->angle];

      if(siny<0) siny=-(siny&0x7fffffff);
      if(cosy<0) cosy=-(cosy&0x7fffffff);

      PaintStars(siny,cosy);

      //
      // clear rest of the screen
      //
      asm{
         mov dx,SC_INDEX
         mov ax,SC_MAPMASK+15*256         // write through all planes
         out dx,ax

         mov es,[screenseg]
         mov di,[bufferofs]

         mov dx,80
         mov ax,[viewwidth]
         mov bx,ax
         shr ax,2
         sub dx,ax

         shr bx,3

         mov al,byte ptr [viewheight]
         mov bh,al
         shl ax,3
         add di,ax
         shl ax,2
         add di,ax

         shr bh,1

         mov ax,0x1919
      }

bottomloop2:
      asm{
         mov cl,bl
         rep stosw
         add di,dx
         dec bh
         jnz bottomloop2
      }
   }
}

The last step is to add these lines into the ThreeDRefresh function, so it looks something like this:

::: CODE :::

 //
// draw all the scaled images
//
   DrawScaleds();         // draw scaled stuff

   if(levelSkyState[gamestate.mapon]==3)
      PaintSnow(viewsin,viewcos);
   else if(levelSkyState[gamestate.mapon]==2)
      PaintRain(viewsin,viewcos);

   DrawPlayerWeapon ();   // draw player's hands

Save and Close the WL_Draw.C file....

Now Select Compile -> Build All and then we can start using these arrays to paint sky, rain and snow!

That's it ;D

Now you can change the levelSkyState array to fit your map design by changing the following lines in your newly modified WL_DRAW.C file:

::: CODE :::

#define LEVELSTATES 10

Where the "10" indicates the number of levels in your game.
Once you have increased the number of levelstates, you must now match the array definition by adding a value for each level you added (increase the LEVELSTATES constant and append one state for each level to the end of the array) :

::: CODE :::

int levelSkyState[LEVELSTATES]={3,2,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0};

So if you have 21 levels, you should set LEVELSTATES to 21 and have 21 definitions in the above array initialization.

There are four different states available:

0: Normal Wolfenstein 3D ceiling filled with the according vgaCeiling color
1: Star sky
2: Raining star sky
3: Snowing star sky

Don't ask where the rain or the snow does come from, as there aren't any clouds . You can add the clouds by yourself, if you want, but don't ask me

The face of the moon can also be changed by simply changing the moon array. The numbers in this array are the exact colors which will be displayed on screen, so you could even make a colored moon.

Now go and create beautiful winter scenes, rainy nights, or just stars inthe sky.

Thanks for reading this and don't forget to give us some credits, if you use this tutorial ;D

Ripper

[sentenced]

This is a great tutorial Ripper , however, I have a problem:

Whenever I run "wolf3d.exe", the DOS screen either pops up once and disappears or displays the memory configuration screen, and hangs on it.

I have used VDMSound to display the brief message in the DOS popup and I get:

"Abnormal program termination".

The code has compiled successfully. Everything is in the right directory, according to the "Directories" menu in Borland 3.1 and I am sure that I have made no obvious mistake.

I have attempted to get this thing to work no less than twelve times, changing little things here and there as I go along. Don't think that I have posted this out of the frustration of not getting it to work the first time, because I haven't.

Please can you (or anyone else) help me to solve this problem?

Thanks in advance.

[Hair Machine]

Abnormal Program Termination! Well, in that case you've run out of databytes... Rather than me trying to explain it, there are solutions at http://www.areyep.com under MCS' coding tips. You can also check out the Directional 3d Sprites tutorial on http://www.chaos-software.org , which also has information on databytes and APT.

[sentenced]

Hair Machine,

You are the best! It all works, and I am now aware of the easiest method needed to overcome this problem:

Download MCS's alternate *ID files off the link you provided.

Thank you.

[jamez]

Or delete wolfhack.c whack_a.asm and c0.asm

[lucky_foot]

Question then.

Is it built in to play the neccesary graphcis or do I have to load something in to the VGA to play it? Know what I mean?

[Hair Machine]

All graphics are drawn in the code, so all you need is the tutorial. Neat!

[lucky_foot]

No, more like AWESOME.

[lucky_foot]

jamez wrote:

Or delete wolfhack.c whack_a.asm and c0.asm

These aren't really necessary? I have added an actor to my game after a lot of other edits and even with the new ID files I still get the Abnormal Program Termination order. I can delete those then?

[BrotherTank]

lucky_foot wrote:

jamez wrote:

Or delete wolfhack.c whack_a.asm and c0.asm

These aren't really necessary? I have added an actor to my game after a lot of other edits and even with the new ID files I still get the Abnormal Program Termination order. I can delete those then?

Yes, you can delete those 3 files... and use MCS's ID files download as well. By doing both you will gain some extra memory in the dgroup and hopefully stop your "Abnormal Program Termination" error.

Greg
BrotherTank

[lucky_foot]

It did. Thanks.

[KyleRTCW]

If anyone is making a fun TC, then here's a red moon for you:

::: CODE :::

byte moon[100]={
     0,  0, 43, 34, 55, 32, 35, 45,  0,  0,
     0, 38, 32, 55, 55, 32, 32, 34, 40,  0,
    43, 33, 55, 33, 32, 32, 33, 33, 34, 45,
    34, 55, 55, 55, 32, 32, 33, 33, 34, 36,
    32, 55, 55, 32, 32, 33, 33, 34, 35, 37,
    32, 55, 33, 36, 34, 33, 34, 34, 36, 38,
    35, 32, 34, 35, 33, 33, 34, 35, 38, 40,
    44, 35, 33, 33, 33, 34, 35, 37, 41, 47,
     0, 39, 34, 35, 34, 36, 38, 40, 44,  0,
     0,  0, 44, 37, 36, 38, 44, 46,  0,  0 };

Just replace it with the old byte moon[100]

[Zombie_Plan]

How do I use this with Darkone's DrawCeiling and DrawFloor routines?

[Guest]

There`s a topic in the forum. Here is the link
http://diehardwolfers.areyep.com/viewtopic.php?t=799

[Zombie_Plan]

flamer46 wrote:

There`s a topic in the forum. Here is the link
http://diehardwolfers.areyep.com/viewtopic.php?t=799

Yes, but that helps with Textures, if you look at BT's map control, he shows how Darkone split the VGAClearScreen Routine into two: DrawCeiling and DrawFloor. What I need is a way to use the Starry sky stuff with these, instead of VGAClearScreen.

Anyone? BT?

[Guest]

maybe i`ll send you my code later this evening...

In the evening

Hello i`m back. So now i`m going to extract the ThreedRefresh routine directly from my code and modify a litlle bit. My Threedrefresh routine supports Ripper starry`s sky and clouds, Darkone`s textured floor and ceiling, Brother Tanks map control stuff. Then it has some if statements to decide if you are in warped area or not. Oh and in this code i eliminated the call to normal flat ceiling and floor

Here it is

::: CODE :::

void   ThreeDRefresh (void)
{
   int tracedir;
   unsigned ceiling, floor;
   boolean flats;
   //
   // Get ceiling colour from vgaCeiling array
   // and set default floor to Gray (original)
   // Set other defaults as well
   //
   SkyState = 0;
   flats = false;

   // this wouldn't need to be done except for my debugger/video wierdness
      outportb (SC_INDEX,SC_MAPMASK);

   //
   // clear out the traced array
   //
   asm mov   ax,ds
   asm mov   es,ax
   asm mov   di,OFFSET spotvis
   asm xor   ax,ax
   asm mov   cx,2048   // 64*64 / 2
   asm rep stosw

   bufferofs += screenofs;

 
   if(!gamestate.warped)
   {
   if(tilemap[1][0] >= 1)
   flats = true;
   if(tilemap[3][0] >= 1)
   SkyState = tilemap[3][0];
   }
   else
   {
    if(tilemap[5][0] >= 1)
   flats = true;
   if(tilemap[7][0] >= 1)
   SkyState = tilemap[7][0];
   }
   
      // if not using textures clear the screen

      if (!flats || SkyState)  VgaClearScreen();   // To save memory my VgaClearScreen only draws the starry sky
      if(flats && SkyState)
      {
       if(!gamestate.warped)
   DrawFlats(tilemap[1][0]*2-2,1);      // the tilemap is multiplied by two so the engine reads the ID and not the index number(In floedit)
       else
   DrawFlats(tilemap[5][0]*2-2,1);
       }

      // next we draw the walls

      WallRefresh();

      // next we draw the textures if used

   
   if(flats)
   {
           if(!gamestate.warped)
      {
      DrawFlats(tilemap[1][0]*2-2,1);
      DrawFlats(tilemap[2][0]*2-2,2);
      }
   else
      {
      DrawFlats(tilemap[5][0]*2-2,1);
      DrawFlats(tilemap[6][0]*2-2,2);
      }
   }

      // then we draw all the scaled images
      // of guards and object sprites
   playy=(player->y+FixedByFrac(0x7300,viewsin));
   playx=(player->x-FixedByFrac(0x7300,viewcos));
      DrawScaleds();

      // next we call to Rippers Snow & Rain if Skystate > 1

      if(SkyState==3 ||) PaintSnow(viewsin,viewcos);
      else if(SkyState==2) PaintRain(viewsin,viewcos);

      // then we draw the players hands/weapons

   DrawPlayerWeapon ();


      //
      // show screen and time last cycle
      //
      if (fizzlein)
    {
       FizzleFade(bufferofs,displayofs+screenofs,viewwidth,viewheight,20,false);
       fizzlein = false;
       lasttimecount = TimeCount = 0; // don't make a big tic count
    }

      bufferofs -= screenofs;
      displayofs = bufferofs;

      asm cli
      asm mov   cx,[displayofs]
      asm mov   dx,3d4h   // CRTC address register
      asm mov   al,0ch   // start address high register
      asm out   dx,al
      asm inc   dx
      asm mov   al,ch
      asm out   dx,al      // set the high byte
      asm sti


      bufferofs += SCREENSIZE;
      if (bufferofs > PAGE3START) bufferofs = PAGE1START;

      frameon++;
      PM_NextFrame();
}

This should help you. You`ll have to modify it a bit to make it fit in your code.

Don`t know if you`ve noticed, but when i call the drawFlats routine(texture floor ceiling)
i use two numbers,
The first one is The texture to use , the second is what do draw, 1 is floor and 2 is ceiling.

So here is my DrawFlats routine.

::: CODE :::

void DrawFlats(unsigned tex, int which)
{
  int x, y, y0, halfheight,shade;
  unsigned top_offset0, bot_offset0, top_offset, bot_offset;
  unsigned top_add, bot_add;
  byte p, color;
  byte far *src_bot, far *src_top;
  fixed dist;            // distance to row projection
  fixed tex_step;        // global step per one screen pixel
  fixed gu, gv, du, dv; // global texture coordinates
  int u, v;              // local texture coordinates

// ------ * prepare * --------

  halfheight=viewheight>>1;
  y0=min_wallheight>>3;      // starting y value
  if(y0>halfheight) return;  // view obscued by walls
  if(y0==0) y0=1;           // don't let division by zero
  top_offset0=80*(halfheight-y0-1);  // and will decrease by 80 each row
  bot_offset0=80*(halfheight+y0);  // and will increase by 80 each row

  switch(which)
  {
  case 1:
  src_bot=PM_GetPage(tex); // load floor texture
  break;
  case 2:
  if(!SkyState) src_top=PM_GetPage(tex); // load ceiling texture
  break;
  }

// draw horizontal lines

  for(p=0; p<4; p++)
  {
    asm mov ax,0x0102
    asm mov cl,[p]
    asm shl ah,cl
    asm mov dx,0x3c4
    asm out dx,ax

    for(y=y0, top_offset=top_offset0, bot_offset=bot_offset0; y<halfheight; y++, top_offset-=80, bot_offset+=80)
    {
      dist=(heightnumerator/y)<<5;
      gu= viewx+FixedByFrac(dist, viewcos);
      gv=-viewy+FixedByFrac(dist, viewsin);
      tex_step=(dist<<8)/viewwidth/175;
      du= FixedByFrac(tex_step, viewsin);
      dv=-FixedByFrac(tex_step, viewcos);
      gu-=((viewwidth>>1)-p)*du;
      gv-=((viewwidth>>1)-p)*dv; // starting point (leftmost)
      du<<=2; // 4pix step
      dv<<=2;

      shade=(y<<2)/((maxscaleshl2>>8)+1+LSHADE_flag);
      if(shade>32) shade=32;
      else if(shade<1) shade=1;
      shade=32-shade;
      for(x=p, top_add=top_offset, bot_add=bot_offset; x<viewwidth; x+=4, top_add++, bot_add++)
      {
   if(wallheight[x]>>3<=y)
   {
     u=(gu>>10)&63; v=(gv>>10)&63;
     switch(which)
     {
     case 2:
     if(!SkyState)
     {
     color=shadetable[shade][*(src_top+((63-u)<<6)+(63-v))];

// draw top pixel using <color>

     asm mov es,[screenseg]
     asm mov di,[bufferofs]
     asm add di,[top_add]
     asm mov al,[color]
     asm mov es:[di],al
     }
     break;
     case 1:
     color=shadetable[shade][*(src_bot+(u<<6)+(63-v))];

// draw bottom pixel using <color>

     asm mov es,[screenseg]
     asm mov di,[bufferofs]
     asm add di,[bot_add]
     asm mov al,[color]
     asm mov es:[di],al
     break;
     }
   }
   gu+=du; gv+=dv;
      }
    }
  }
}

This routine has shading in it. You have to modify it a bit to make it fit in your code.

If you still have problems tell me.

[WLHack]

I manage to compile my source files succesfully, but
when I enter level where is a starsky, my statusbar disappears
and is replaced with the color of current floor. So I ask can
anyone help me how to fix this "error" (I'll thank for all the
help).

[KyleRTCW]

Is it possible to remove the flashes that occur somewhat often in the game caused by VGAClearScreen() mainly on the floor part of the screen(gray and black bars)? I have no knowledge of ASM so i dont know what to remove/slash keep , thanks in advance

EDIT: doh, i always post something then figure out the solution afterwards.

[Adam Biser]

Though this is a great effect, one thing I notice is that PaintRain is called after DrawScaleds. This means that rain gets drawn on top ofthe static and actor objects which means that rain that should be behind the object will also get drawn on top of it. Not that I see any easy way aound this problem...

[Ripper]

Well, one alternative would be, to call PaintRain BEFORE DrawScaleds. Then all sprites would be on top of the rain, which would even look more strange (especially in the distant). I think near sprites will be likely to move fast, so you won't notice it too much... Which doesn't work for silent knife kills of course...
The good way would be to sort each rain drop and sprite by distance and draw it in the correct order. But this would be far too slow